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Frequently Asked Questions
FAQ
What is the primary source of criminal law in Pakistan? (Criminal Law)
The primary source of criminal law in Pakistan is the **Pakistan Penal Code (PPC), 1860**, which defines offenses and prescribes punishments. Criminal procedure is governed by the **Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC), 1898**. Other laws, such as special and local laws, also supplement the criminal framework.
Which body is responsible for tax collection and enforcement in Pakistan? (Tax Law)
The main federal body responsible for administering and collecting federal taxes, including Income Tax, Sales Tax, and Federal Excise Duty, is the **Federal Board of Revenue (FBR)**.
What is a key legal formality for divorce proceedings for Muslims in Pakistan? (Family Matters)
A key law governing personal family matters is the **Muslim Family Laws Ordinance, 1961**. For divorce, a notice of Talaq (divorce) must be given to the **Chairman of the Union Council** (or equivalent local body) after the pronouncement of divorce. Failure to follow this procedure can have legal consequences.
What is the role of the Securities and Exchange Commission of Pakistan (SECP)? (Corporate Consultant)
The **Securities and Exchange Commission of Pakistan (SECP)** is the regulator for the corporate sector and capital market. Its primary functions include regulating the formation and registration of companies, regulating the capital market, and enforcing compliance with the **Companies Act, 2017**.
How does an individual or business register for a National Tax Number (NTN) in Pakistan? (NTN Registration)
NTN registration, which is essential for becoming a registered taxpayer, is primarily done through the FBR's online portal, **IRIS**. An applicant needs to provide necessary details like CNIC/Passport (for individuals) or incorporation documents (for companies) and contact information to obtain their NTN/Registration Number.
How can a taxpayer claim a tax refund in Pakistan? (Tax Refunds & Adjustments)
Tax refunds are claimed by filing an **Income Tax Return** that shows an excess amount of tax has been deducted or paid (usually through withholding tax) over the actual tax liability. The claim is processed by the FBR after scrutiny. For Sales Tax, the mechanism is similar, often involving filing a refund application electronically.
What should a person do if selected for a tax audit by the FBR? (Tax Audit Assistance)
If selected for an audit, the taxpayer must **cooperate** with the FBR officer, provide all requested financial records and documents, and ensure all tax filings are compliant with the **Income Tax Ordinance, 2001** and other relevant laws. Seeking assistance from a qualified tax consultant is highly advisable during this process.
Who is required to file an Income Tax Return in Pakistan? (Income Tax Return Filing)
Generally, any person, company, or association of persons (AOP) that has a taxable income is required to file an Income Tax Return. Specific criteria include persons deriving income above the minimum tax-free limit, individuals owning immovable property of 500 square yards or more, or owning a motor vehicle above 1000cc, among others, as specified by the Income Tax Ordinance.